I wish that every human life might be pure transparent freedom - Simone de Beauvoir

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    Friday, August 29, 2008

    Barack's Speech: The Birth of a Statesman and True Leader of Hope


    (Thursday, August 28 2008)

    Barack Obama made a magnificent, historic and down-to-earth speech tonight - on this the 45th anniversary of Martin Luther King Jr's "I have a dream" speech in Washington, DC - in acceptance of his nomination as the Democratic Party's (or any major US political party's) first African-American candidate for President of the United States, at the Mile High Stadium in Denver, Colorado.

    I was proud to watch it with my wife, and proud to let our four-year-old son, who does not usually watch TV, stay up and watch it, too.  He watched the speech in its entirety, playing with his toys as he did so, but also turning to look up at the screen on several occasions.

    Just as I recall, through the prism of an English upbringing, major moments in history from my own childhood (the Apollo 11 moon landing, for one, although I was a teenager then; but also when I was younger many of the darker events of the civil rights movement and the JFK, RFK and MLK assassinations), I hope that our son will have at least a kind of sense-memory of what has been a truly historical and hopeful night.

    I believe in Barack Obama's sincerity and steadfastness and message of hope.  I believe in the promise of us all working together for a better today and an even better tomorrow.  And while it may be sloganeering, I believe in "YES WE CAN!!!!"

    I have read several accounts of the speech, but the following, from the Financial Times of London, seems to capture its entirety and its power most successfully:


    Obama takes the fight to McCain

    By Josh Chaffin in New York and Edward Luce, Andrew Ward and Stephanie Kirchgaessner in Denver

    Published: August 29 2008 00:22 | Last updated: August 29 2008 04:58

    Barack Obama accepted the Democratic nomination for president on Thursday night with a hard-hitting address at a 75,000-seat stadium that blended flashes of the Illinois Senator’s soaring rhetoric with a litany of policy proposals intended to ease the lives of a struggling middle class.

    Mr Obama, the first African-American to win a major party nomination for president, said the country was at a crossroads after eight years of Republican rule, and challenged voters to raise their expectations: “America, we are better than these last eight years. We are a better country than this.”

    At the same time, he sharpened his attacks against Republican Senator John McCain, questioning his judgment and linking him to an unpopular president, George W. Bush. In spite of his maverick reputation, McCain had voted with President Bush 90 per cent of the time, Mr Obama said.

    Barack Obama’s speech

    “This moment – this election – is our chance to keep, in the 21st century, the American promise alive. Because next week, in Minnesota, the same party that brought you two terms of George Bush and Dick Cheney will ask this country for a third. And we are here because we love this country too much to let the next four years look just like the last eight. On November 4th, we must stand up and say: ‘Eight is enough.’”
    Read the transcript

    “Senator McCain likes to talk about judgment,” Mr Obama said. “But really, what does it say about your judgment when you think George Bush was right more than 90 per cent of the time? I don’t know about you but I’m not ready to take a 10 per cent chance on change.”

    In a thinly veiled reference to Mr McCain’s reputed short temper, Mr Obama said: ”if John McCain wants a debate about who has the judgment and the temperament to be commander-in-chief then that’s a debate I’m willing to have.” And, in what was one of his most popular new lines of the evening – to judge by the audience’s reaction – he added: “John McCain liks to say he will follow Osama Bin Laden to the gates of hell but he won’t even follow him to the cave where he lives.”

    Mr Obama’s speech marked the culmination of a four-day convention in which Democrats appeared to heal the divisions of a bitter, 18-month primary campaign in which he defied expectations to defeat New York Senator Hillary Clinton.

    Mr Obama spoke under clear skies – in spite of prayers for rain by some evangelical Christians opponents – and amid signs that the convention had yielded a bounce in the polls. The Gallup daily tracking poll – one of the most closely watched measures of the presidential race – on Thursday showed Mr Obama leading Mr McCain by 48 per cent to 42 per cent, having started the week level.

    Soon after he took the podium, Mr Obama paid tribute to the Clintons, who set the stage by laying aside personal disappointments to deliver forceful endorsements on the previous two nights of the convention.

    Mr Obama then turned his attention to the economic anxieties of middle class America.

    “Tonight, more Americans are out of work and more are working harder for less. More of you have lost your homes and more are watching your home values plummet. More of you have cars you can’t afford to drive, credit card bills you can’t afford to pay and tuition that is beyond your reach,” he said.

    “These challenges are not all of government’s making,” he said. “But the failure to respond is a direct result of a broken politics in Washington and the failed presidency of George W. Bush.”

    Trying to acquaint himself with skeptical, working class voters and women, Mr Obama recounted his humble upbringing, and the grandmother who rose from the secretarial pool “despite years of being passed over for promotions because she was a woman” and the single mother who scraped by to send him to the best schools in the country.

    Yet Mr Obama moved beyond these images to tell voters, in his words, “exactly what that change would mean if I am President.”

    He promised to cut taxes for 95 per cent of working American families and eliminate capital gains taxes for small businesses and start-ups.

    In perhaps his most ambitious proposal, Mr Obama pledged to end America’s dependence on Middle East oil within 10 years, and to invest $150bn in alternative energy.

    “Washington’s been talking about our oil addiction for the last thirty years, and John McCain has been there for twenty-six of them. In that time, he’s said no to higher fuel-efficiency standards for cars, no to investments in renewable energy, no to renewable fuels. And today, we import triple the amount of oil as the day that Senator McCain took office,” he said.

    Mr Obama also used his address to try to head off another line of Republican attack: That his unusual background somehow made him less American than the former Vietnam war hero he is running against.

    “Let us agree that patriotism has no party,” Mr Obama declared. “I love this country, and so do you, and so does John McCain. The men and women who serve in our battlefields may be Democrats and Republicans and Independents, but they have fought together and bled together and some died together under the same proud flag… So I’ve got news for you, John McCain: We all put our country first.”

    Mr McCain planned to introduce his vice-presidential choice at a noon rally on Friday in Ohio to try to divert attention from Mr Obama’s convention speech.

    Even as speculation mounted that Mr McCain was seeking to stamp out the Obama campaign’s post-convention momentum by immediately announcing his own vice presidential pick, the presumptive Republican nominee released an advertisement congratulating the Illinois senator on his nomination.

    ”How perfect that your nomination would come on this historic day,” the ad said. ”Tomorrow, we’ll be back at it. But tonight, Senator, job well done.”

    Mr McCain hoped to refocus attention on the Republicans ahead of their convention, which starts in Minneapolis on Monday.

    Thursday, August 28, 2008

    Obama, Biden and the Clintons ROCK!!!


    A very brief post to say that the Democrats pulled the rabbit out of the hat yesterday.

    Hillary Clinton's nomination of Obama was perfectly choreographed and truly rousing; Bill Clinton's speech was not only precisely what was needed but was a succinct summation of the key issues this campaign must address to banish McCain to the sidelines of presidential history - not to mention a reminder of what a magnificent and accomplished president Clinton himself was (his two terms in office literally were America's Golden Years, but hopefully not the last) - and Joe Biden's speech was powerful and perfectly pitched.

    Today, Obama will ROCK!!!

    And never ever underestimate his highly strategic planning or his organization's discipline.  A foretaste of what will be, I believe, a truly functional and outstanding Administration.

    Cold War in the Arctic?

    Fascinating article by Theophilos Argitis from Bloomberg.com (an excellent source of international as well as financial news) about the risk of a new oil-fueled Cold War in the Arctic:

    Arctic Cabinet Meeting Risks New Cold War for Oil (Update1) 

    By Theophilos Argitis

    Aug. 26 (Bloomberg) -- Beneath the melting ice of the Arctic Ocean, the world's last great land grab is under way.

    Global warming is opening the Northwest Passage that sailing ships sought 500 years ago, and some of the world's biggest oil reserves are becoming accessible under the polar sea. Russia, the U.S., Canada, Norway and Denmark are jockeying for territory in moves that could end up inclashing claims.

    With an eye on asserting Canada's stake, Canadian Prime MinisterStephen Harper and his cabinet will travel this week to the Arctic town of Inuvik, as the country completes its largest- ever military exercise in the region. The town, where the summer sun never sets, lies 4,100 kilometers (2,548 miles) from Ottawa.

    ``You have the recipe for trouble if there isn't real energy invested early to help resolve some of these issues,'' said Scott Borgerson, a fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations in New York. ``You can envisage a future in which all the ice is gone, there is this wild-west environment in terms of lack of respect for whatever national law.''

    Western nations are playing catch-up in laying claim to the Arctic. Russia, which planted a titanium flag on the Arctic seabed last year, already deploys strategic-bomber flights to patrol the region. It has also begun training troops for combat in the far north, where temperatures can drop to less than -57 degrees Celsius (-70 degrees Fahrenheit).

    Georgia Parallel

    If Arctic disputes come to a head, the divide between leaders in Moscow and the West may soon stretch beyond Georgia, where a war with Russia broke out this month over the breakaway region of South Ossetia.

    ``Events in Georgia should wake people up to what the Russians have been doing,'' said Rob Huebert, associate director of the University of Calgary's Center for Military and Strategic Studies. ``The northern developments are where they're going to get their next major source of petrol dollars and they're going to be very aggressive there.''

    Canada is in the midst of its own military buildup in the Arctic Ocean, an area about the size of Russia. It has budgeted C$7.4 billion for Arctic ships, and its fighter jets regularly shadow Russian TU-95 bombers.

    ``We remind them we want to see their tail end, not their front-end,'' said Defense Minister Peter Mackay, 42, in a telephone interview from a military base in Alert, Nunavut, the world's northernmost inhabited place. ``The presence of Canadian forces is increasingly important to not just claim our sovereignty but exert it.''

    Elections

    The cabinet's trip, coming weeks before possible parliamentary elections, helps Harper, 49, project the image of a strong leader who fights for Canadians, said Norman Hillmer, a Carleton University professor in Ottawa specializing in Canada's foreign policy.

    Harper is slated to arrive today in Inuvik, population about 3,500, where he'll stay at the MacKenzie Hotel opposite Canada's northernmost traffic light. Before leaving Ottawa, he unveiled a project to map energy and minerals in the region, telling a news conference the known resources are ``merely the tip of the proverbial iceberg.''

    On Aug. 28, he'll meet at the hotel with his 13-member core cabinet.

    Tomorrow, Harper crosses the treeless permafrost on a Hercules C130 military transport plane to tour Tuktoyaktuk, an Inuit community on the shores of the Arctic Ocean. The next day he makes an announcement on national security.

    ``Every so often, Canadians get seized of the north,'' said Hillmer. ``It comes to the front of our minds mostly when it seems threatened. It seems to be threatened at the moment.''

    Overlapping Claims

    The five Arctic nations have sought to ease the tension. At a two-day summit in Greenland in May, they agreed to work for an ``orderly settlement'' of any conflicting claims.

    Canadian Natural Resource Minister Gary Lunn said at a Madrid conference in July that overlapping claims ``will be minimal,'' whileMargaret Hayes, director of the State Department's Bureau of Oceans, Environment and Science, told reporters Aug. 11 that Russia's territorial assertions aren't ``intruding'' on U.S. interests.

    ``I don't think we're ever going to have a battle up in the Arctic, at least I hope not,'' Paul Cellucci, a former U.S. ambassador to Canada, said in a telephone interview. ``I think these determinations are going to have to be made in some sort of a legal framework and I think ultimately the Russians will understand that as well.''

    `Oil and Gas'

    Under the United Nations Law of the Sea convention, the economic rights of countries on the Arctic Ocean extend 320 kilometers from their shores. They can base claims on the reach of their continental shelf, creating the potential for overlapping stakes.

    ``This is an instance when science has tangible geopolitical consequences,'' Mikhail Flint, said deputy director of ecology at the Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. ``In this case everything is related to oil and gas.''

    The combination of rising temperatures and soaring oil prices is fueling the urgency of the land rush.

    The region is warming about twice as fast as the global average, the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change said in a report last year. The fabled Northwest Passage, a shortcut between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, opened this year for only the second time in recorded history.

    Retreating Ice

    The retreat of the ice may allow oil companies to explore the deepest parts of the Arctic Ocean year-round as petroleum- rich nations in the Middle East, Latin America and the former Soviet Union restrict access to reserves.

    The Arctic may hold 90 billion barrels of oil, more than the proven reserves of Nigeria, Kazakhstan and Mexico combined, and enough to supply the U.S. for more than a decade, the U.S. Geological Survey said in July.

    The Russians aren't the only worry for Canada. The U.S. contests Canada's sovereignty over the Northwest Passage, which couldshrink travel between Shanghai and New Jersey by 7,000 kilometers, and the two are disputing a sliver of water just north of Alaska.

    Building a military and civilian presence in the region is key to Canadian control of its Arctic resources, officials say.

    ``I don't believe we should be out there assuming the others don't want to cooperate,'' said former Prime Minister Paul Martin, 69, Harper's predecessor, in a telephone interview. ``But if that occurs, then we should be able to respond very quickly.''

    To contact the reporter on this story: Theophilos Argitis in Inuvik, Northwest Territories at targitis@bloomberg.net.

    Last Updated: August 26, 2008 13:36 EDT

    Tuesday, August 26, 2008

    Woody Allen's Vicky Cristina Barcelona Diary


    This "diary" by Woody Allen, from today's New York Times, about his new film, Vicky Cristina Barcelona, is really funny...and you must watch the video interview with Penelope Cruz, one of my all-time favorite actresses.






    A cast, spellbound: Woody Allen, right, directing “Vicky Cristina Barcelona,” with Javier Bardem, Penélope Cruz, center, and Scarlett Johansson.

    By WOODY ALLEN

    Published: August 20, 2008
    Victor Bello/The Weinstein Company

    Mr. Allen with Rebecca Hall.

    Victor Bello/The Weinstein Company

    Mr. Allen with Ms. Johansson.

    JAN. 2

    RECEIVED offer to write and direct film in Barcelona. Must be cautious. Spain is sunny, and I freckle. Money not great either, but agent did manage to get me a 10th of 1 percent of anything the picture does over $400 million after break even.

    Have no idea for Barcelona unless the story of the two Hackensack Jews who start a mail-order embalming firm could be switched.

    MARCH 5

    Met with Javier Bardem and Penélope Cruz. She’s ravishing and more sexual than I had imagined. During interview my pants caught fire. Bardem is one of those brooding geniuses who clearly will need a firm hand from me.

    APRIL 2

    Offered role to Scarlett Johansson. Said before she could accept, script must be approved by her agent, then by her mother, with whom she’s close. Following that it must be approved by her agent’s mother. In middle of negotiation she changed agents — then changed mothers. She’s gifted but can be a handful.

    JUNE 1

    Arrived Barcelona. Accommodations first class. Hotel has been promised half star next year provided they install running water.

    JUNE 5

    Shooting got off to a shaky start. Rebecca Hall, though young and in her first major role, is a bit more temperamental than I thought and had me barred from the set. I explained the director must be present to direct the film. Try as I may, I could not convince her and had to disguise as man delivering lunch to sneak back on the set.

    JUNE 15

    Work finally under way. Shot a torrid love scene today between Scarlett and Javier. If this were a scant few years ago, I would have played Javier’s part. When I mentioned that to Scarlett, she said, “Uh-huh,” with an enigmatic intonation. Scarlett came late to the set. I lectured her rather sternly, explaining I do not tolerate tardiness from my cast. She listened respectfully, although as I spoke I thought I noticed her turning up her iPod.

    JUNE 20

    Barcelona is a marvelous city. Crowds turn out in the streets to watch us work. Mercifully they realize I’ve no time to give autographs, and so they ask only the cast members. Later I handed out some 8-by-10 photos of myself shaking hands with Spiro Agnew and offered to sign them, but by then the crowd had dispersed.

    JUNE 26

    Filmed at La Sagrada Familia, Gaudi’s masterpiece. Was thinking I have much in common with the great Spanish architect. We both defy convention, he with his breathtaking designs and me by wearing a lobster bib in the shower.

    JUNE 30

    Dailies are looking good, and while Javier’s idea to add a massive Martian invasion scene complete with a thousand costumed extras and elaborate flying saucers is not a very good one, I will shoot it to make him happy and cut it in the editing room.

    JULY 3

    Scarlett came to me today with one of those questions actors ask, “What’s my motivation?” I shot back, “Your salary.” She said fine but that she needed a lot more motivation to continue. About triple. Otherwise she threatened to walk. I called her bluff and walked first. Then she walked. Now we were rather far apart and had to yell to be heard. Then she threatened to hop. I hopped too, and soon we were at an impasse. At the impasse I ran into friends, and we all drank, and of course I got stuck with the check.

    JULY 15

    Once again I had to help Javier with the lovemaking scenes. The sequence requires him to grab Penélope Cruz, tear off her clothes and ravish her in the bedroom. Oscar winner that he is, the man still needs me to show him how to play passion. I grabbed Penélope and with one motion tore her clothes off. As fate would have it she had not yet changed into costume, so it was her own expensive dress I mutilated. Undaunted I flung her down before the fireplace and dove on top of her. Minx that she is, she rolled away a split second before I landed causing me to fracture certain key teeth on the tile floor. Fine day’s work, and I should be able to eat solids by August.

    JULY 30

    Dailies looking rather brilliant. Probably too early to start planning Academy campaign. Still, a few notes for an acceptance speech might just save me some time later.

    AUG. 3

    I suppose it comes with the territory. As director one is part teacher, part shrink, part father figure, guru. Is it any wonder then that as the weeks have passed, Scarlett and Penélope have both developed crushes on me? The fragile female heart. I notice poor Javier looking on enviously as the actresses bed me with their eyes, but I’ve explained to the boy that unbridled feminine desire for a cinema icon, particularly one who wears a sneer of cold command, is to be expected. Meanwhile when I approach the set each morning bathed and freshly scented, between Scarlett and Penélope there is a virtual feeding frenzy. I never like mixing business with pleasure, but I may have to slake the lust of each one in turn to get the film completed. Perhaps I can give Penélope Wednesdays and Fridays, satisfying Scarlett Tuesdays and Thursdays. Like alternate-side parking. That would leave Monday free for Rebecca, whom I stopped just in time from tattooing my name on her thigh. I’ll have a drink with the ladies in the cast after filming and set some ground rules. Maybe the old system of ration coupons could work.

    AUG. 10

    Directed Javier in emotional scene today. Had to give him line readings. As long as he imitates me he’s fine. The minute he tries his own acting choices he’s lost. Then he weeps and wonders how he’ll survive when I’m no longer his director. I explained politely but firmly that he must do the best he can without me and to try to remember the tips I’ve given him. I know he was cheered because when I left his trailer, he and his friends were howling with laughter.

    AUG. 20

    Made love with Scarlett and Penélope simultaneously in an effort to keep them happy. Ménage gave me great idea for the climax of the movie. Rebecca kept pounding on the door, and I finally let her in, but those Spanish beds are too small to handle four, and when she joined, I kept getting bounced to the floor.

    AUG. 25

    End production today. Wrap party as usual a little sad. Slow danced with Scarlett. Broke her toe. Not my fault. When she dipped me back, I stepped on it.

    Penélope and Javier anxious to work with me again. Said if I ever come up with another screenplay to try and find them. Goodbye drink with Rebecca. Sentimental moment. Everyone in cast and crew chipped in and bought me a ballpoint pen. Have decided to call film “Vicky Cristina Barcelona.” Studio heads have seen all the dailies. Apparently they love every frame, and there is talk of opening it at a leper colony. It’s lonely at the top.

    Houses In Motion #5 #6

    My continuing story currently "under construction" for Facebook; with apologies for the problems I am having formatting this for this blog: hence the weird spacing.

    Alexander Chow-Stuart: Monday August 25 2008

    Houses In Motion #5

    Monroe spent as much time as he could in the eternal world.

    Often this, too, was at night, when he had time for silence, for stillness.

    It took only a certain positioning of his body,

    a release of its physical tension,

    a clearing of the shifting and often opposing diametric flow of his thoughts,

    to reach that ground that Eliot so perfectly described as:

    “The still point of the turning world.”

     

    Then Monroe was entirely within himself

    or within the flow of time and organic material

    that we think of as the world around us

    and beyond that the universe.

     

    But Monroe felt neither “within” nor alone.

    He felt instead a vast space that he both inhabited

    and that inhabited him.

    And his living family, sleeping nearby,

    and those who were no longer living

    were all within reach, were presences as vivid to him now

    as when he spoke to them or touched them during the day

    or as when he had spoken to or touched them

    when they were in his life and he in theirs.


    Houses In Motion #6

    And he found this immensely comforting:

    that time and space were fluid,

    that he could be here now

    and elsewhere

    (except that “here” and “elsewhere” were interchangeable)

    and that love was like an electrical force

    that bound together past present and future:

    love was something he visualized as a great

    web or cocoon of light or perhaps the tender touching

    fingers of that electrical charge

    (the specific image was immaterial)

    reaching across all boundaries

    through all time and space,

    the one thing that truly bound us.

     

    Two different houses:

    The literal house and the shadow house;

    The walls that enclose the space

    And the space that encloses the walls.

    "Two different houses surround you, 'round you."


    Ted Kennedy and Michelle Obama: The Torch Passes On



    Respect to Senator Edward Kennedy for a truly heroic speech - not least given his own health (he has been diagnosed with a brain tumor) - in which he stirred memories of the great achievements in civil rights and social justice in this nation over the past half-century, restated his absolute commitment to healthcare as a right not a privilege (how healthcare and education can by anything but basic human rights is unfathomable to someone such as me, born in Europe), and went on to stir hearts and emotions in passing the torch of social change to Barack Obama:

    "There is a new wave of change all around us, and if we set our compass true, we will reach our destination - not merely victory for our party, but renewal for our nation.  And this November, the torch will be passed again to a new generation of Americans.

    "So with Barack Obama, and for you and me, our country will be committed to his cause."

    Echoing the closing line of his 1980 speech, when he dropped his own bid for the presidency in favor of Jimmy Carter, Senator Kennedy concluded rousingly with the words: "The work begins anew, the hope rises again and the dream lives on."


    Michelle Obama

    The evening's other great speech came from Obama's wife, Michelle, who presented a portrait of her husband as a man whose values have held steady since she first me him, a man determined to be a strong father to his two daughters, Malia and Sasha, and a candidate whose inclusiveness has been a hallmark of his campaign:

    "You see, Barack doesn't care where you're from, or what your background is, or what party, if any, you belong to.  You see, that's just not how he sees the world.  He knows that thread that connects us - our belief in America's promise, our commitment to our children's future - he knows that that thread is strong enough to hold us together as one nation even when we disagree."

    Monday, August 25, 2008

    Even The Founding Fathers Used Negative Campaigning


    Nice to know (I guess) that negative campaigning isn't just a modern phenomenon, although the article below from CNN's website omits to mention one of the most inglorious - and lethal - political clashes of American history: the fatal duel between Vice President Aaron Burr ( the subject of a wonderfully sharp and ironic novel, Burr, by his descendent, Gore Vidal) and Alexander Hamilton after an unsuccessful campaign for election as Governor of New York in 1804:

    "During an unsuccessful campaign for election to Governor of New York in 1804, Burr was often referred to in published articles written by Alexander Hamilton, a long-time political rival and son-in-law of Philip Schuyler, the first U.S. Senator from New York whom Burr defeated in his bid for re-election in 1791. Taking umbrage at remarks made by Hamilton at a dinner party and Hamilton's subsequent failure to account for the remarks, Burr challenged Hamilton to a duel on 11 July 1804, at theHeights of Weehawken in New Jersey at which he mortally wounded Hamilton. Arguably the most famous duel in U.S. history, it had immense political ramifications. Burr, who survived the duel, was indicted for murder in both New York and New Jersey (though these charges were either later dismissed or resulted in acquittal), and the harsh criticism and animosity directed towards him brought about an end to his political career in the East, though he remained a popular figure in the West and South. Further, Hamilton's untimely death would fatally weaken the remnants of the Federalist Party."  [Source: Wikipedia]

    .

    updated 10:05 a.m. EDT, Fri August 22, 2008
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    Founding Fathers' dirty campaign

    • STORY HIGHLIGHTS
    • John Adams and Thomas Jefferson ran negative presidential campaigns
    • Adams was labeled a fool, a hypocrite, a criminal, and a tyrant,
    • Jefferson was branded a weakling, an atheist, a libertine, and a coward
    • Many historians say John Quincy Adams/Andrew Jackson contest the nastiest
    • Next Article in Living »

    By Kerwin Swint
    Decrease font
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    Mental Floss

    (Mental Floss ) -- Negative campaigning in America was sired by two lifelong friends, John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. Back in 1776, the dynamic duo combined powers to help claim America's independence, and they had nothing but love and respect for one another. But by 1800, party politics had so distanced the pair that, for the first and last time in U.S. history, a president found himself running against his vice president.

    Despite their bruising campaign, Thomas Jefferson and John Adams became friends again.

    Despite their bruising campaign, Thomas Jefferson and John Adams became friends again.

    Things got ugly fast. Jefferson's camp accused President Adams of having a "hideous hermaphroditical character, which has neither the force and firmness of a man, nor the gentleness and sensibility of a woman."

    In return, Adams' men called Vice President Jefferson "a mean-spirited, low-lived fellow, the son of a half-breed Indian squaw, sired by a Virginia mulatto father."

    As the slurs piled on, Adams was labeled a fool, a hypocrite, a criminal, and a tyrant, while Jefferson was branded a weakling, an atheist, a libertine, and a coward.  See 8 great campaign slogans »

    Even Martha Washington succumbed to the propaganda, telling a clergyman that Jefferson was "one of the most detestable of mankind." Mental Floss: Jefferson: The sensitive writer type

    Jefferson hires a hatchet man

    Back then, presidential candidates didn't actively campaign. In fact, Adams and Jefferson spent much of the election season at their respective homes in Massachusetts and Virginia.

    But the key difference between the two politicians was that Jefferson hired a hatchet man named James Callendar to do his smearing for him. Adams, on the other hand, considered himself above such tactics. To Jefferson's credit, Callendar proved incredibly effective, convincing many Americans that Adams desperately wanted to attack France. Although the claim was completely untrue, voters bought it, and Jefferson stole the election.

    Jefferson paid a price for his dirty campaign tactics, though. Callendar served jail time for the slander he wrote about Adams, and when he emerged from prison in 1801, he felt Jefferson still owed him.

    After Jefferson did little to appease him, Callendar broke a story in 1802 that had only been a rumor until then -- that the President was having an affair with one of his slaves, Sally Hemings. In a series of articles, Callendar claimed that Jefferson had lived with Hemings in France and that she had given birth to five of his children.

    The story plagued Jefferson for the rest of his career. And although generations of historians shrugged off the story as part of Callendar's propaganda, DNA testing in 1998 showed a link between Hemings' descendents and the Jefferson family.

    Just as truth persists, however, so does friendship. Twelve years after the vicious election of 1800, Adams and Jefferson began writing letters to each other and became friends again. They remained pen pals for the rest of their lives and passed away on the same day, July 4, 1826. It was the 50th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence. Mental Floss: The post-White House lives of presidents

    John Quincy Adams gets slapped with elitism

    John Adams lived long enough to see his son become president in 1825, but he died before John Quincy Adams lost the presidency to Andrew Jackson in 1828. Fortunately, that meant he didn't have to witness what many historians consider the nastiest contest in American history.

    The slurs flew back and forth, with John Quincy Adams being labeled a pimp, and Andrew Jackson's wife getting called a slut.

    As the election progressed, editorials in the American newspapers read more like bathroom graffiti than political commentary. One paper reported that "General Jackson's mother was a common prostitute, brought to this country by the British soldiers! She afterward married a mulatto man, with whom she had several children, of which number General Jackson is one!"

    What got Americans so fired up? For one thing, many voters felt John Quincy Adams should never have been president in the first place. During the election of 1824, Jackson had won the popular vote but not the electoral vote, so the election was decided by the House of Representatives. Henry Clay, one of the other candidates running for president, threw his support behind Adams. To return the favor, Adams promptly made him secretary of state. Jackson's supporters labeled it "The Corrupt Bargain" and spent the next four years calling Adams a usurper. Mental Floss: 5 secrets left off the White House tour

    Beyond getting the short end of the electoral stick, Andrew Jackson managed to connect with voters via his background -- which couldn't have been more different than Adams'.

    By the time John Quincy was 15, he'd traveled extensively in Europe, mastered several languages, and worked as a translator in the court of Catherine the Great.

    Meanwhile, Andrew Jackson had none of those privileges. By 15, he'd been kidnapped and beaten by British soldiers, orphaned, and left to fend for himself on the streets of South Carolina.

    Adams was a Harvard-educated diplomat from a prominent New England family. Jackson was a humble war hero from the rural South who'd never learned to spell. He was the first presidential candidate in American history to really sell himself as a man of the people, and the people loved him for it.

    Having been denied their candidate in 1824, the masses were up in arms for Jackson four years later. And though his lack of education and political experience terrified many Adams supporters, that argument didn't hold water for the throngs who lined up to cast their votes for "Old Hickory." Ever since Jackson's decisive victory, no presidential candidate has dared take a step toward the White House without first holding hands with the common man.

    But losing the 1828 election may have been the best thing to happen to John Quincy Adams. After sulking home to Massachusetts, Adams pulled himself together and ran for Congress, launching an epic phase of his career.

    During his 17 years in the House of Representatives, Adams became an abolitionist hero, championing legislation to open the debate on slavery. And in 1841, he famously put his money where his mouth was, when he defended the 39 African captives aboard the slave ship Amistad before the U.S. Supreme Court. At a time when all but two of the justices were pro-slavery, Adams won his human rights plea.